Le béton

Tout savoir sur le béton

Le béton

Le béton

Le béton

Historique du béton

Fabriqué à partir de granulats naturels (comme le sable ou le gravillons) ou bien à partir de granulats artificiels (comme le granulat légers), le béton est un matériau de construction dit de composite.

Le béton reste aujourd’hui le composant le plus utilisé dans la construction. C’est au cours du 19ème siècle que le béton fut popularisé en France par Louis Vicat.

Néanmoins, les romains connaissaient le béton et s’en servaient pour la construction.

Le matériau

Le béton est composé d’un ensemble de granulats de valeur décroissante. Le ciment est utilisé comme granulat pour la fabrication du béton, mais on trouve également de la poudre de silice pour obtenir un béton beaucoup plus résistant (Béton hautes performances). En fonction des granulats utilisés, on obtient un béton plus ou moins résistant.

L’eau est essentiel car elle permet d’hydrater le ciment pour faciliter la mise en oeuvre du béton. Pour optimiser les performances mécaniques, on ajoute un plastifiant jouant le rôle d’un réducteur d’eau. L’idée étant d’utiliser moins d’eau pour obtenir un béton plus dur.

Fabrication du béton

Comment fabriquer du béton ? Le principe est simple mais souvent lourd car le béton nécessite de grandes proportion de matériaux.1 mètre cube de béton nécessite près de 250 Kg de ciment, 1 tonne de pierre, 150 litre d’eau et 600 Kg de sable.

On peut donc fabriquer du béton dans une bétonnière mobile pour des quantités moindres. Si les besoins sont trop importants, des usines mobiles sont installées sur le chantier même.

bétonnière mobile

bétonnière mobile


Application

Le béton est utilisé pour tout.

Le béton ciré pour la décoration.

Le béton armé pour de la construction très résistante.

On construite ainsi des charpentes, des terrasses, des dalles, des tables, des poteaux ou des escaliers en béton.

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  • Use the Web Share API to share content to 200+ supported destinations.

    100% free to use, reliable, fast. Used by millions every day.

    Share api icon

    Get More Traffic

    Enable your visitors to share articles, comments, purchases or other activities from your site to their friends on multiple social networks. You've already got customers that love your product or service. Profit from helping them tell the world about it. The Share API is free to use, and helps you grow your bottom line and traffic without growing your marketing budget.

    Share API Documentation

    Shareaholic provides social APIs to connect your site or application to each of the major social networks for sharing. If you can’t use the Shareaholic JavaScript SDK, you can link to these API endpoints directly. With these APIs you can customize the social sharing experience for your users to match the look and feel of your site or application.

    Designed for Ease

    All API methods are accessible via simple HTTP calls. We have optimized for ease of implementation, so you won’t see anything complicated. Most implementations of this API take less than 15 minutes to setup. Simply hit the provided URLs with their respective parameters, and you're done.

    Getting Started: Authentication

    All API endpoints require authentication credentials to be supplied as query arguments. To get started, you'll need a free Shareaholic user account and Site ID. Signup for an account and then add your site to get your Site ID. The Site ID is your API Key.

    Example:

    ...&apikey=8943b7fd64cd8b1770ff5affa9a9437b&...

    Note: the apikey used in this document is intended for use as an example only.

    Share Content with over 200+ (and growing!) Destination Services

    Let your users share content from any website, desktop app, mobile app, etc to any supported destination service.

    Endpoint: https://www.shareaholic.com/api/share/?v=1

    Parameter Description Required Example
    v API Version Required v=1
    apitype API Type Required apitype=1 (1=Redirect, 2=Pingback, 3=1x1 pixel)
    apikey API Key Required apikey=8943b7fd64cd8b1770ff5affa9a9437b
    service Destination Service Required service=7 (lookup codes)
    link Link Required link=http://www.yoursite.com
    title Page Title Optional title=My%20Awesome%20Webpage
    notes Notes Optional notes=I%20love%20this!
    short_link Shortened Link Optional short_link=http://bit.ly/1OTIqm
    shortener URL Shortener Optional shortener=shrlc (tinyurl|bitly|jmp|google|shrlc|none)
    shortener_key URL Shortener Credentials Optional shortener_key=shareaholic|R_83932e4c5d02d1f94aea0f40fbc557ec
    template Template Optional template=Reading: ${title}
    tags Tags Optional tags=programming,python,howto
    source Source Optional source=shareaholic

    Working Example (posting a link to Facebook):

    <a href="https://www.shareaholic.com/api/share/?v=1&apitype=1&apikey=8943b7fd64cd8b1770ff5affa9a9437b&service=5&title=The%20Hottest%20VC%20No%20One%20Has%20Ever%20Heard%20Of&link=http://www.robgo.org/post/376467064/the-hottest-vc-no-one-has-ever-heard-of&shortener=google&source=Shareaholic" target="_blank">Post to Facebook</a>

    Give it a try: Post to Facebook

    Notes:

    • link, short_link, title, and notes parameters should be URL-encoded, plain text, no HTML, UTF-8. You can not include a parameter value in the request that has '&', '?', '#', ' ', or other reserved parameters without first encoding it.
    • Parameters should not contain spaces: any parameter with spaces will be rejected. All spaces should be either percent encoded (%20) or plus encoded (+). Note that tabs, newlines and trailing spaces are all indications of errors. Please remember to strip leading and trailing whitespace from any user input before posting.
    • Parameters must have a slash between the domain and the path component. For example, http://example.com?query=parameter is invalid, and instead should be formatted as http://example.com/?query=parameter
    • link parameter value should be a complete URL and not a shortened link (like a bit.ly short link). You should always pass shortened links (ex. you may want to do this for Twitter) through the short_link parameter.

    Link Tracking & URL Shorteners

    Shareaholic can automatically shorten the link for you using a supported shortening service that you specify.

    ...&shortener=google...

    We currently support the following shorteners/parameter values:

    Shortener Description
    google
    tinyurl
    bitly
    jmp
    shrlc Default
    none Do not shorten link

    You can further customize this option with your own bit.ly or j.mp account if you'd like by passing the shortener_key parameter. If you pass this, the API will use your key to shorten the link.

    ...&shortener=bitly&shortener_key=shareaholic|R_83932e4c5d02d1f94aea0f40fbc557ec&...

    shortener_key format: username|apikey (i.e. delimited by "|"). For su.pr, you just need to pass your apikey.

    Note that this setting will only shorten links for services where it is appropriate (i.e. sharing to Twitter, but not bookmarking in Google Bookmarks or Delicious).

    Templates i.e. customize your Tweets

    By specifying the template API parameter, you can customize the default post format for services that support templates. Specifying a template is completely optional. The following services currently support templates:

    • Twitter

    The Share API supports a few different tokens in a template — you can use all, some, or none of them:

    Template Token Description
    ${title} Title of the page
    ${link} Link to the page
    ${short_link} Short link that you pass to the Share API
    ${notes} Any text; usually a very short summary of the link or user selected text

    Sample template for Twitter:

    ...&template=Reading: ${title} (${short_link}) via @Shareaholic %23api %23devtools&...

    Result:

    Shareapi template twitterexample

    Give it a try: Tweet this!

    Tags (describe your content)

    Use the optional tags API parameter to further describe the content/URL being shared. Amongst many other benefits, you will get back more useful analytics tracking reports as a result.

    tags takes a set of comma-separated values (CSV) with no trailing comma. Commas inside tag values MUST be URL encoded (as %2C) and commas separating tags MUST NOT be encoded. For example, the tags "python", "conference" and "Boston, MA" should be passed as:

    ...&tags=python,conference,boston%2Cma&...

    You can pass in as many tags as you'd like, but we've found 3-5 to be most optimal.

    Destination Service Codes

    Popular Services:

    Service Service Code ID
    Facebook 5
    Twitter 7
    Pinterest 309
    LinkedIn 88
    Google Bookmarks 74
    Google Mail 52
    PrintFriendly 236
    Yahoo! Mail 54

    All Services:

    Service Service Code ID
    AIM 50
    Allvoices 63
    Amazon (CA) Wish List 271
    Amazon (DE) Wish List 272
    Amazon (FR) Wish List 273
    Amazon (JP) Wish List 274
    Amazon (UK) Wish List 270
    Amazon (US) Wish List 200
    AOL Mail 55
    Arto 194
    Ask.com MyStuff 91
    AttentionMeter 221
    Backflip 97
    Balatarin 241
    Bebo 196
    BibSonomy 25
    Bit.ly 208
    Bitty Browser 108
    Blinklist 48
    Blogger Post 219
    BlogMarks 27
    BobrDobr 266
    Bookmarks.fr 35
    Box.net 240
    BuddyMarks 90
    Buzzster 1
    Care2 News 104
    CiteULike 13
    Clicky.me 248
    Connotea 96
    Current 80
    DailyMe 237
    Delicious 2
    Design Float 106
    Digg 3
    Digg Bar 224
    Diglog 72
    diHITT 244
    Diigo 24
    Dwellicious 251
    DZone 102
    Email This 313
    Evernote 191
    Expression 186
    Facebook 5
    Fark 62
    Faves 49
    Favoriten 242
    Feedmarker Bookmarks 69
    Folkd 197
    Followup.cc 235
    FriendFeed 43
    FunP 17
    Furl 11
    Gabbr 183
    Global Grind 89
    Google Apps Mail 260
    Google Bookmarks 74
    Google Mail 52
    Google Plus +1 304
    Google Sidewiki 275
    Google Translate 252
    Google Wave 262
    Gravee 95
    Hatena 246
    HelloTxt 81
    Hemidemi 16
    HootSuite 261
    Hotmail 53
    Hub.tm 234
    Hugg 71
    Hyves 105
    Identi.ca 205
    Imera Brazil 65
    Instapaper 18
    Is.gd 228
    iZeby 263
    j.mp 249
    Jamespot 64
    Jumptags 14
    Khabbr 31
    Kledy 30
    LinkaGoGo 67
    Linkatopia 85
    LinkedIn 88
    LiveJournal 79
    Ma.gnolia 23
    Mail 201
    Maple 93
    Memori.ru 269
    MenŽame 33
    MindBodyGreen 68
    Mister-Wong 6
    Mixx 4
    Moemesto 268
    Mozillaca 231
    MSDN 184
    Multiply 42
    MyLinkVault 98
    MySpace 39
    Netlog 8
    Netvibes Share 195
    Netvouz 21
    NewsTrust 199
    NewsVine 41
    Ning 264
    NowPublic 75
    NUjij 238
    Oknotizie 243
    Oneview 84
    Orkut 247
    PhoneFavs 19
    Pinboard.in 256
    Ping 45
    Pinterest 309
    Plaxo Pulse 44
    Plurk 218
    Posterous 210
    PrintFriendly 236
    Propeller 77
    Protopage Bookmarks 47
    Pusha 59
    Read It Later 239
    ReadWriteWeb 250
    Reddit 40
    Segnalo 58
    Shoutwire 12
    Simpy 86
    SiteJot 99
    Slashdot 61
    SmakNews 206
    Soup.io 217
    Sphere 107
    Sphinn 100
    SpringPad 265
    Spurl 82
    Squidoo 46
    StartAid 29
    Strands 190
    Streakr 215
    StumbleUpon 38
    Stumpedia 192
    Su.pr 232
    Svejo 245
    Symbaloo Feeds 103
    Taggly 26
    Tagza 187
    Tailrank 28
    Techmeme 204
    TechNet 185
    Technorati Favorites 10
    Technotizie 36
    TinyURL 223
    Tipd 188
    Tr.im 214
    Truemors 203
    Tumblr 78
    Tweetie 226
    Twiddla 66
    Twine 216
    Twitter 7
    TypePad Post 220
    unalog 70
    Viadeo 92
    VodPod 198
    Webnews 57
    Windows Live Favorites 37
    Windows Live Spaces 15
    Wink 22
    Wists 94
    WordPress 230
    Xerpi 20
    Yahoo Bookmarks 76
    Yahoo Buzz 73
    Yahoo Buzz India 254
    Yahoo Messenger 87
    Yahoo! Mail 54
    Yammer 253
    Yample 83
    Yandex 267
    YC Hacker News 202
    YiGG 56
    Yoolink 34
    YouMob 60

    Feedback

    If you believe you have found a bug, or you’d like to request additional functionality, or you release something using this API, we’d love to hear from you.

    &source=shareaholic" rel="nofollow" class="external" title="Tweetez-le !"> 
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Categories: Le béton